Ramsey Electronics FZ-146 Specifications download pdf (Page 41)

FX-146 • 41

CCW = see CW below.

COR = "Carrier Operated Relay," a switching circuit activated by the

detection of a carrier signal in a receiving circuit.

"CW" = TWO common meanings in electronics: "Continuous Wave" for the

communicating of Morse code signals, or "Clockwise" to designate a point

on a variable control. "CCW" therefore means "counterclockwise."

DECIMAL = in computer or programming context, "decimal" refers to

counting by tens, our traditional way, in contrast to your computer's binary

(counting by 1's and 0's), or the hexadecimal system (counting by 16's.) See

"N" and BINARY.

DIP = "Dual Inline Package," referring to IC's and their sockets or any other

component ("DIP Switch," etc.). The "line" refers to rows of PC-board or

perfboard holes that are 0.1" apart. "Dual" means two rows. Therefore "SIP"

would mean a SINGLE row device.

DISCRIMINATOR = FM terminology for "detector." See: FM.

DUAL-MODULUS = as in dual-modulus prescaler or divider: a circuit which

divides a frequency by two different ratios depending on pin selection, for

example: 64 or 65. (See: PRE- SCALE)

FILTER-ACTIVE

FILTER-CERAMIC

FILTER-CRYSTAL Filters are used in DC, Audio and RF

FILTER-HI-PASS circuits. Understanding them is essential

FILTER-LOW-PASS electronics know-how. The Radio Amateurs’

FILTER-BANDPASS Handbook covers the subject of filters very

FILTER-PASSIVE well.

FM ("Frequency Modulation") = Changing the transmitter frequency in exact

pace with speech or sound variations.

FREQUENCY SYNTHESIS = To "synthesize" anything is to create an

imitation or simulation from something else. The "basic" ways for generating

useful RF frequencies are a crystal oscillator or the L-C oscillator where the

frequency is determined by coil (L) and capacitor (C). However we can

process the output of an L-C oscillator through digital circuitry to simulate

many different, precise crystal-like frequencies, using only one crystal as a

reference standard. See also PLL, PHASE DETECTOR, VCO.

FSK = "Frequency Shift Keying." TRUE FSK actually moves the RF

frequency (transmitted and received) from one pre-determined point to

another, in contrast to "AFSK" (Audio Frequency Shift Keying") where the

transmitted signal remains steady and all shifting is done by audio tones.

GROUND-PLANE = ALL sections of a PC-board which are mechanically or

electrically connected to DC and RF ground. In the Ramsey FX design,

almost ALL of the top or upper side (component side) of the board is a

groundplane. The term is also used in antenna design: if your 2M or 1.25M

antenna has a vertical radiating element, plus four (or more) horizontal

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Ramsey Electronics FZ-146 Specifications Page 41

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